【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofIn-SituStressinRockUsingHydraulicFracturingMethod
【原文标准名称】:使用水压断裂法测定现场岩石应力的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4645-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.12
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:drillholes;fluidpressure;hydraulicfracturing;insitustress;Breakdownpressure;Caverndesign;Fieldtesting--rock;Fracturetesting--rock;Hydraulicproperties;Hydrofracturedrock;In-situsoil/rocktesting/analysis;Minifracturing;Permeability-
【摘要】:Limitations:Thedepthofmeasurementislimitedonlybythelengthofthetesthole.Presently,theresultsofthehydraulicfracturingmethodcanbeinterpretedintermsofin-situstressesonlyiftheboreholesareapproximatelyparalleltooneofthethreeprincipalin-situstresses.Unlessevidencetothecontraryexists,verticalboreholesareassumedtobeparalleltooneofthein-situprincipalstresses.Whentheprincipalstressparalleltotheboreholeaxisisnottheleastprincipalstress,onlythetwootherprincipalstressescanbedetermineddirectlyfromthetest.Iftheminimumstressactsalongtheboreholeaxis,fracturesbothparallelandperpendiculartotheaxisoftheboreholearesometimesinducedbythetest,allowingforthedeterminationofallthreeprincipalstresses.Intheunlikelyeventthattheinducedfracturechangesorientationawayfromtheborehole,itstraceontheboreholewallcannotbeusedinstressdeterminations.Assumptions:Therocktestedisassumedtobelinearlyelastic,homogeneous,andisotropic.Anyexcessivedeparturefromtheseassumptionscouldaffecttheresults.Verticalboreholesareassumedtobesubstantiallyparalleltooneofthein-situprincipalstresses,sinceithasbeenestablishedfrommanygeologicalobservationsandstressmeasurementsbyothermethodsthatinmostcasesoneoftheprincipalstressesisverticaltosubvertical.Hydraulicfracturingdeterminationofin-situstressescanbecomplicatedbyrockmatrixporosity,naturallyoccurringfractures,thepresenceofnearbyundergroundopenings,andlocalvariationsinthestressfield.Note28212;Thequalityoftheresultproducedbythisstandardisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingit,andthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgenciesthatmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740aregenerallyconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetesting/sampling/inspection,etc.UsersofthisstandardarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfassurereliableresults.Reliableresultsdependonmanyfactors;PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluatingsomeofthosefactors.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthein-situstateofstressinrockbyhydraulicfracturing.Note18212;Hydraulicfracturingforstressdeterminationisalsoreferredtoashydrofracturing,andsometimesasminifracing.Hydraulicfracturingandhydrofracturingmayalsorefertofracturingoftherockbyfluidpressureforthepurposeofalteringrockproperties,suchaspermeabilityandporosity.1.2Hydraulicfracturingisthewidelyacceptedfieldmethodavailableforinsitustressmeasurementsatdepthsgreaterthan50m.Itcanbeusedindrillholesofanydiameter.1.3Hydraulicfracturingcanalsobeusedinshortholesforwhichotherstressmeasuringmethods,suchasovercoring,arealsoavailable.Theadvantageofhydraulicfracturingisthatityieldsstressesaveragedoverafewsquaremetres(thesizeoftheinducedhydraulicfracture)ratherthanovergrainsizeareas,asinthecaseofovercoringtechniques.1.4AllobservedandcalculatedvaluesshallconformtotheguidelinesforsignificantdigitsandroundingestablishedinPracticeD6026.1.4.1Themethodusedtospecifiyhowdataarecollected,calculated,orrecordedinthisstandardisnotdirectlyrelatedtotheaccuracytowhichthedatacanbeappliedindesignorotheruses,orboth.Howoneappliestheresultsobtainedu......
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语